{"id":481,"date":"2024-11-05T15:06:34","date_gmt":"2024-11-05T14:06:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.snowtrex.de\/magazin\/?p=481"},"modified":"2026-03-12T11:11:30","modified_gmt":"2026-03-12T10:11:30","slug":"historie-lyzovani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.snowtrex.cz\/magazin\/dovolena-a-zimni-sporty\/historie-lyzovani\/","title":{"rendered":"Historie ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kde a kdy se objevil prvn\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bk na ly\u017e\u00edch? Jak dlouho jsou ly\u017ee na sv\u011bt\u011b? Kdy se ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed stalo rekrea\u010dn\u00edm sportem a kdy byl otev\u0159en prvn\u00ed ly\u017ea\u0159sk\u00fd vlek?\u00a0SnowTrex<\/a> dal v\u0161echny tyto ot\u00e1zky dohromady, aby v\u00e1m umo\u017enil nahl\u00e9dnout do historie ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n
\n \"Tvar<\/a>
\u00a9 CHRISTIAN DE ARAUJO\/shutterstock.de<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
Tvar ly\u017e\u00ed, stejn\u011b jako cel\u00fd sport na sjezdovk\u00e1ch, se v pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dasu znovu a znovu m\u011bnil.<\/div>\n <\/div > \n
\n <\/span><\/p>\n
\n Obsah\n <\/div>\n
\n Po\u010d\u00e1tky ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/span><\/a>Ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed se dost\u00e1v\u00e1 do Alp<\/span><\/a>Rozmach ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed od roku 1900<\/span><\/a>Ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed jako masov\u00fd sport od 50. let 20. stolet\u00ed<\/span><\/a>Ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed v 21. stolet\u00ed<\/span><\/a>Ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed v minulosti a sou\u010dasnosti – historick\u00fd p\u0159ehled<\/span><\/a>Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed dotazy k historii ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\n <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n
\n

Po\u010d\u00e1tky ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n

O po\u010d\u00e1tc\u00edch ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed a pr\u016fkopn\u00edc\u00edch mezi ly\u017ea\u0159i se vypr\u00e1v\u00ed mnoho p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016f. Pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b prvn\u00ed zm\u00ednkou o ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed je jeskynn\u00ed kresba v Norsku, jej\u00ed\u017e st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed se odhaduje na p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 4 500 let a kter\u00e1 zobrazuje ly\u017ea\u0159e. Ve \u0160v\u00e9dsku byly zase nalezeny mo\u017en\u00e1 prvn\u00ed ly\u017ee, jejich\u017e st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed se rovn\u011b\u017e odhaduje na 4 500 let. Kde a kdy lid\u00e9 poprv\u00e9 st\u00e1li na ly\u017e\u00edch a kdo ly\u017ee vynalezl, nelze p\u0159esn\u011b ur\u010dit. Jist\u00e9 v\u0161ak je, \u017ee lid\u00e9 v zasn\u011b\u017een\u00fdch oblastech Skandin\u00e1vie p\u0159i\u0161li p\u0159ed tis\u00edci lety s n\u00e1padem p\u0159ipnout si pod nohy dlouh\u00e1 prkna, aby se v hlubok\u00e9m sn\u011bhu nepotopili.<\/p>\n

Existuj\u00ed jasn\u00e9 historick\u00e9 d\u016fkazy, \u017ee po\u010d\u00e1tky modern\u00edho ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed le\u017e\u00ed v Norsku. Slovo „ly\u017ee“ tak\u00e9 poch\u00e1z\u00ed z nor\u0161tiny a znamen\u00e1 n\u011bco jako „kl\u00e1da, \u0161t\u00edpan\u00e9 d\u0159evo“. Ji\u017e v 18. stolet\u00ed existovaly ly\u017ea\u0159sk\u00e9 jednotky v norsk\u00e9 arm\u00e1d\u011b a v pr\u016fb\u011bhu let se ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed st\u00e1valo st\u00e1le v\u00edce volno\u010dasovou aktivitou norsk\u00e9ho obyvatelstva. Kolem roku 1850 se v norsk\u00e9m Christianu, z n\u011bho\u017e se pozd\u011bji stalo Oslo, konaly prvn\u00ed ly\u017ea\u0159sk\u00e9 z\u00e1vody v historii a kolem roku 1870 byly vyd\u00e1ny n\u00e1vody na ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed, rovn\u011b\u017e v Norsku.<\/p>\n

\n
\n \"Telemarkov\u00e9<\/a>
\u00a9 Alexander Rochau\/shutterstock.de<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
Telemarkov\u00e9 ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed bylo vynalezeno v polovin\u011b 19. stolet\u00ed ve stejnojmenn\u00e9 norsk\u00e9 provincii a na svaz\u00edch je dodnes velmi popul\u00e1rn\u00ed.<\/div>\n <\/div > \n

V provincii Telemark vyvinul Nor Sondre Norheims v\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed, ve kter\u00e9m se k ly\u017ei p\u0159ipev\u0148uje pouze \u0161pi\u010dka chodidla: telemarkov\u00e9 ly\u017ee jsou dodnes velmi obl\u00edben\u00e9. Rostouc\u00ed popularita v Norsku a p\u0159echod Gr\u00f3nska pol\u00e1rn\u00edkem Fritjofem Nansensem v roce 1888 pak vedly na p\u0159elomu stolet\u00ed ke skute\u010dn\u00e9mu rozmachu ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed ve st\u0159edn\u00ed Evrop\u011b. Nansens o sv\u00e9 cest\u011b do Gr\u00f3nska napsal knihu, kter\u00e1 inspirovala mnoho mlad\u00fdch lid\u00ed a povzbudila je, aby si tento nov\u00fd sport vyzkou\u0161eli na vlastn\u00ed k\u016f\u017ei.<\/p>\n

Ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed se dost\u00e1v\u00e1 do Alp<\/h2>\n

S rostouc\u00ed oblibou ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed byly v 90. letech 19. stolet\u00ed zalo\u017eeny prvn\u00ed ly\u017ea\u0159sk\u00e9 kluby, v nich\u017e zpo\u010d\u00e1tku p\u0159ed\u00e1vali sv\u00e9 znalosti skandin\u00e1v\u0161t\u00ed studenti. Kluby byly zalo\u017eeny v N\u011bmecku (Todtnau), \u0160v\u00fdcarsku (Glarus) a Rakousku (St. Christoph am Arlberg). Ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed se p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitostn\u011b vyu\u010dovalo tak\u00e9 ve \u0161kol\u00e1ch. Ji\u017e v roce 1896 se \u017e\u00e1ci v Braunlage v poho\u0159\u00ed Harz u\u010dili ly\u017eovat m\u00edsto tradi\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fduky t\u011blesn\u00e9 v\u00fdchovy v z\u00e1vislosti na sn\u011bhov\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e se v\u0161ak ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed prosadilo v Alp\u00e1ch, vyskytl se „probl\u00e9m“: telemarsk\u00fd oblouk, kter\u00fd se osv\u011bd\u010dil na pom\u011brn\u011b ploch\u00fdch hor\u00e1ch ve Skandin\u00e1vii, nebyl vhodn\u00fd pro mnohem strm\u011bj\u0161\u00ed svahy velehor. V d\u016fsledku toho se technika st\u00e1le v\u00edce vyv\u00edjela sm\u011brem k oblouk\u016fm na kmeni a nov\u00fdm podm\u00ednk\u00e1m byly p\u0159izp\u016fsobeny i ly\u017ee. Ly\u017ee dovezen\u00e9 z Norska byly v\u011bt\u0161inou dlouh\u00e9 kolem 3 metr\u016f, a proto se obt\u00ed\u017en\u011b zat\u00e1\u010dely. V t\u00e9to dob\u011b si po\u0159\u00eddil seversk\u00e9 ly\u017ee tak\u00e9 mal\u00ed\u0159 a socha\u0159 Mathias Zdarsky a vadila mu jejich d\u00e9lka, kter\u00e1 mu zt\u011b\u017eovala ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed na strm\u00fdch svaz\u00edch jeho vlasti. Pomoc\u00ed pily zkr\u00e1til ly\u017ee na d\u00e9lku 1,80 metru a mohl tak sj\u00ed\u017ed\u011bt kopce na mnohem obratn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch ly\u017e\u00edch s men\u0161\u00edm r\u00e1diusem.<\/p>\n

\n
\n \"Milovn\u00edci<\/a>
\u00a9pixabay<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
Milovn\u00edci zimn\u00edch sport\u016f se mohou p\u0159i pohledu na historick\u00e9 ly\u017ee v muzeu dozv\u011bd\u011bt mnoho o historii ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/div>\n <\/div > \n

D\u00edky „Lilienfelderovu v\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed“, tedy v\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 fixuje \u0161pi\u010dku i patu, byly mal\u00ed\u0159ovy ly\u017ee jedine\u010dn\u00e9 a on s\u00e1m je prohl\u00e1sil za „alpsk\u00e9 ly\u017ee“. P\u0159i experimentov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159i\u0161el Zdarsky tak\u00e9 na n\u00e1pad z\u00fa\u017eit ly\u017ee v oblasti v\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed. Pas nyn\u00ed umo\u017e\u0148oval je\u0161t\u011b l\u00e9pe kontrolovat zat\u00e1\u010den\u00ed a zrodila se prvn\u00ed verze carvingov\u00fdch ly\u017e\u00ed. Mathias Zdarsky vydal v roce 1897 knihu o technice ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed, kterou vyvinul. D\u00edky jeho „Lilienfeldov\u011b technice ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed“ se Zdarsky stal zakladatelem techniky alpsk\u00e9ho ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Rozmach ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed od roku 1900<\/h2>\n

Na po\u010d\u00e1tku 20. stolet\u00ed byl polo\u017een v\u00fdznamn\u00fd mezn\u00edk: v roce 1908 byl uveden do provozu prvn\u00ed ly\u017ea\u0159sk\u00fd vlek. Vlek byl postaven v obci Schollach u Eisenbachu v Horn\u00edm Schwarzwaldu a byl poh\u00e1n\u011bn vodou prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm ml\u00fdnsk\u00e9ho kola. Vlek p\u0159ekon\u00e1val v\u00fd\u0161ku 32 metr\u016f a byl dlouh\u00fd 280 metr\u016f. P\u0159i cest\u011b nahoru se ly\u017ea\u0159i p\u0159idr\u017eovali speci\u00e1ln\u011b tvarovan\u00fdch svorek p\u0159ipevn\u011bn\u00fdch k lanu. Po prvn\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce se ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed rychle roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ilo, proto\u017ee turist\u00e9 se nyn\u00ed mohli na svahy Alp dopravovat po mezit\u00edm vybudovan\u00fdch \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00edch trat\u00edch. Ve dvac\u00e1t\u00fdch letech 20. stolet\u00ed byly nap\u0159\u00edklad v Bavorsku otev\u0159eny prvn\u00ed ly\u017ea\u0159sk\u00e9 \u0161koly, kter\u00e9 nebyly provozov\u00e1ny ly\u017ea\u0159sk\u00fdmi kluby a kter\u00e9 u\u010dily turisty ly\u017eovat a zvl\u00e1dat techniky, z nich\u017e n\u011bkter\u00e9 byly v t\u00e9 dob\u011b je\u0161t\u011b velmi netradi\u010dn\u00ed:<\/p>\n

Prvn\u00ed filmy s ly\u017ea\u0159i se prom\u00edtaly i v kinech. To vzbudilo z\u00e1jem o zimn\u00ed sporty i u lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed na hor\u00e1ch nikdy p\u0159edt\u00edm nebyli. Ve 20. letech 20. stolet\u00ed se tak\u00e9 pravideln\u011b po\u0159\u00e1daly z\u00e1vody a byla stanovena pravidla. To bylo pro Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed ly\u017ea\u0159skou federaci (FIS) dostate\u010dn\u00fdm d\u016fvodem k tomu, aby do sv\u00e9ho programu za\u0159adila alpsk\u00e9 discipl\u00edny a v roce 1931 uspo\u0159\u00e1dala v M\u00fcrrenu<\/a> historicky prvn\u00ed mistrovstv\u00ed sv\u011bta v ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed. O pouh\u00fdch p\u011bt let pozd\u011bji, v roce 1936, se ly\u017ea\u0159sk\u00e9 z\u00e1vody kone\u010dn\u011b staly olympijsk\u00fdm sportem. Mimochodem, jist\u00fd Anton Seelos z Rakouska zaujal na mistrovstv\u00ed sv\u011bta v roce 1931 dosud nezn\u00e1mou technikou: paraleln\u00edm obloukem. A jak dnes v\u00edme, stala se z n\u00ed technika, kter\u00e1 se na sjezdovk\u00e1ch hojn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 dodnes. Seelos pozd\u011bji p\u0159ed\u00e1val sv\u00e9 znalosti jako tren\u00e9r n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho a francouzsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1rodn\u00edho t\u00fdmu.<\/p>\n

Ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed jako masov\u00fd sport od 50. let 20. stolet\u00ed<\/h2>\n

V pr\u016fb\u011bhu let se ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed na hor\u00e1ch st\u00e1le v\u00edce vyv\u00edjelo jako masov\u00fd fenom\u00e9n. Zejm\u00e9na v 50. letech 20. stolet\u00ed byly vybudov\u00e1ny \u010detn\u00e9 vleky a otev\u0159eny sjezdovky. Vleky byly schopny p\u0159epravovat st\u00e1le v\u00edce ly\u017ea\u0159\u016f, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se ly\u017ea\u0159sk\u00e1 st\u0159ediska st\u00e1vala st\u00e1le atraktivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi pro turisty. Krom\u011b modern\u00edch vlek\u016f a lanovek se v alpsk\u00fdch st\u0159edisc\u00edch zimn\u00edch sport\u016f rozv\u00edjela tak\u00e9 turistick\u00e1 infrastruktura. Byly otev\u0159eny horsk\u00e9 chaty a postavena \u0159ada ubytovac\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00e1 byla vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na turisty p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v zimn\u00ed sez\u00f3n\u011b.<\/p>\n

Po\u010det ly\u017ea\u0159\u016f se postupem \u010dasu enormn\u011b zvy\u0161oval. Zat\u00edmco v roce 1950 provozovalo zimn\u00ed sporty na cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b jen asi p\u011bt milion\u016f lid\u00ed, do roku 1975 se jejich po\u010det zv\u00fd\u0161il na 35 milion\u016f. Pro v\u011bt\u0161inu vyznava\u010d\u016f zimn\u00edch sport\u016f byl a st\u00e1le je hlavn\u00ed d\u016fraz kladen m\u00e9n\u011b na v\u00fdkony, jako je tomu p\u0159i sout\u011b\u017e\u00edch, a v\u00edce na z\u00e1bavu v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b s p\u0159\u00e1teli a rodinou. Krom\u011b klasick\u00e9ho sjezdov\u00e9ho ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed za\u010dali ly\u017ea\u0159i zkou\u0161et sv\u00e9 s\u00edly v nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch discipl\u00edn\u00e1ch. Ly\u017eovalo se v hlubok\u00e9m sn\u011bhu, na muld\u011b, skoc\u00edch a kickerech. Tak vznikly na konci 20. stolet\u00ed discipl\u00edny jako „moguls“, „freestyle“ a „freeride“. N\u011bkter\u00e9 z t\u011bchto discipl\u00edn jsou tak\u00e9 olympijsk\u00e9.<\/p>\n

\n
\n \"Ned\u00edln\u00e1<\/a>
\u00a9 Castner Photography\/shutterstock.de<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
Ned\u00edln\u00e1 sou\u010d\u00e1st historie ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed a\u017e do dne\u0161n\u00edch dn\u016f: sjezdovka mogul. Na konci 20. stolet\u00ed se tato discipl\u00edna dokonce stala olympijsk\u00fdm sportem.<\/div>\n <\/div > \n

Ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed v 21. stolet\u00ed<\/h2>\n

A\u017e potud je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee lid\u00e9 se po sn\u011bhu nebo nad n\u00edm pohybuj\u00ed na dvou prknech ji\u017e velmi dlouho. Ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed u\u017e ale nen\u00ed jen prost\u0159edkem k dosa\u017een\u00ed c\u00edle. Sout\u011b\u017ee v r\u016fzn\u00fdch discipl\u00edn\u00e1ch jsou s nad\u0161en\u00edm sledov\u00e1ny po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b a ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed je tak\u00e9 popul\u00e1rn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e kdy jindy jako volno\u010dasov\u00fd sport. Zimn\u00ed turistika je na vzestupu a v n\u011bkter\u00fdch regionech, nap\u0159\u00edklad ve \u0160v\u00fdcarsku a Rakousku, m\u00e1 velk\u00fd hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd v\u00fdznam. Ve Francii byla dokonce vybudov\u00e1na \u010detn\u00e1 st\u0159ediska speci\u00e1ln\u011b pro zimn\u00ed turistiku. Milovn\u00edci zimn\u00edch sport\u016f v\u0161ak nenajdou rozmanit\u00e9 ly\u017ea\u0159sk\u00e9 oblasti pouze v Alp\u00e1ch. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b je lze nal\u00e9zt po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. Najdete je tak\u00e9 v Austr\u00e1lii, na Nov\u00e9m Z\u00e9landu, v USA, Kanad\u011b, Japonsku, na Sic\u00edlii a v jihoamerick\u00fdch andsk\u00fdch zem\u00edch Chile a Argentin\u011b, kde se milovn\u00edci sn\u011bhu mohou v zim\u011b proh\u00e1n\u011bt po b\u00edl\u00fdch svaz\u00edch.<\/p>\n

\n
\n \"Modern\u00ed<\/a>
\u00a9 Jiri Pavlik\/shutterstock.de<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
Modern\u00ed vleky jsou dnes ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b ly\u017ea\u0159sk\u00fdch st\u0159edisc\u00edch standardem.<\/div>\n <\/div > \n

Ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed se v 21. stolet\u00ed vyvinulo v neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u011b v\u0161estrann\u00fd sport: Freeskiing, carving, freestyle nebo skicross … Seznam se zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt nekone\u010dn\u00fd. Pokud cht\u011bj\u00ed milovn\u00edci sn\u011bhu zdolat svah, kter\u00fd nen\u00ed dostupn\u00fd lanovkou, mohou se dnes na nedot\u010den\u00e9 vrcholky hor nechat dopravit dokonce vrtuln\u00edkem. O tom se pr\u016fkopn\u00edk\u016fm ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed v 19. stolet\u00ed ani nesnilo. Ne n\u00e1hodou je ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed jedn\u00edm z nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00edch sport\u016f v Evrop\u011b.<\/p>\n

Ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed v minulosti a sou\u010dasnosti – historick\u00fd p\u0159ehled<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\t\n\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t
Jahr<\/strong><\/th>Ereignis<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
P\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 2 500 let p\u0159. n. l.<\/td>Pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed se prvn\u00ed ly\u017ee.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
kolem roku 1850<\/td>Prvn\u00ed ly\u017ea\u0159sk\u00e9 z\u00e1vody se konaj\u00ed v Norsku.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
kolem roku 1870<\/td>Prvn\u00ed ly\u017ea\u0159sk\u00e9 pokyny jsou zve\u0159ejn\u011bny v Norsku.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1888<\/td>Pol\u00e1rn\u00ed badatel Fritjof Nansens p\u0159ech\u00e1z\u00ed Gr\u00f3nsko na ly\u017e\u00edch.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1890<\/td>Vznikaj\u00ed prvn\u00ed ly\u017ea\u0159sk\u00e9 kluby.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1890<\/td>Mathias Zdarsky vynal\u00e9z\u00e1 v\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed s ocelovou podr\u00e1\u017ekou Lilienfeld a vyv\u00edj\u00ed technologii alpsk\u00e9ho ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1908<\/td>V Horn\u00edm \u010cern\u00e9m lese je uveden do provozu prvn\u00ed ly\u017ea\u0159sk\u00fd vlek.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1920<\/td>Vznikaj\u00ed prvn\u00ed ly\u017ea\u0159sk\u00e9 \u0161koly.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1931<\/td>V M\u00fcrrenu se kon\u00e1 prvn\u00ed mistrovstv\u00ed sv\u011bta v ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1936<\/td>Z\u00e1vody v alpsk\u00e9m ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed se st\u00e1vaj\u00ed olympijsk\u00fdmi.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
od roku 1950<\/td>Ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed se st\u00e1v\u00e1 masov\u00fdm sportem.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n

Od Norska po Alpy, od telemarku po carving – ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed se v pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dasu znovu a znovu m\u011bnilo. Jak bude historie ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed pokra\u010dovat?<\/p>\n

Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed dotazy k historii ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n

Kde byly objeveny po\u010d\u00e1tky ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed?<\/h3>\n

V zasn\u011b\u017een\u00fdch norsk\u00fdch les\u00edch na\u0161li archeologov\u00e9 jeskynn\u00ed malby zobrazuj\u00edc\u00ed ly\u017ea\u0159e a nejstar\u0161\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00e9 ly\u017ee. Tyto n\u00e1lezy jsou star\u00e9 a\u017e 4 500 let. Starobyl\u00e9 ly\u017ee podobn\u00e9ho st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed byly objeveny tak\u00e9 ve \u0160v\u00e9dsku.<\/p>\n

Kdo je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za vyn\u00e1lezce modern\u00edho „paraleln\u00edho oblouku“?<\/h3>\n

Anton Seelos (* 1911 a\u017e \u2020 2006) byl rakousk\u00fd ly\u017ea\u0159sk\u00fd z\u00e1vodn\u00edk a ly\u017ea\u0159sk\u00fd instruktor. Je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za legendu ly\u017ea\u0159sk\u00e9ho sportu, kter\u00fd revolu\u010dn\u011b zm\u011bnil zaveden\u00edm paraleln\u00edho oblouku bez oblouku na p\u0159edstavci. Jeho technika umo\u017enila rychlej\u0161\u00ed a plynulej\u0161\u00ed zat\u00e1\u010den\u00ed. Jeho metoda je dodnes nezbytnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed ly\u017ea\u0159sk\u00e9ho v\u00fdcviku a z\u00e1sadn\u011b ovlivnila podobu ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Kdy se alpsk\u00e9 ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed stalo olympijsk\u00fdm sportem?<\/h3>\n

Alpsk\u00e9 ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed oslavilo svou olympijskou premi\u00e9ru v roce 1936 na zimn\u00edch olympijsk\u00fdch hr\u00e1ch v Garmisch-Partenkirchenu. Tehdy v\u0161ak byly na programu pouze sjezdov\u00e9 a slalomov\u00e9 discipl\u00edny. Od t\u00e9 doby se alpsk\u00e9 ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed stalo ned\u00edlnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed zimn\u00edch olympijsk\u00fdch her a p\u0159ibyly dal\u0161\u00ed discipl\u00edny, jako je ob\u0159\u00ed slalom, super-G a kombinace.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kde a kdy se objevil prvn\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bk na ly\u017e\u00edch? Jak dlouho jsou ly\u017ee na sv\u011bt\u011b? Kdy se ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed stalo rekrea\u010dn\u00edm sportem a kdy byl otev\u0159en prvn\u00ed ly\u017ea\u0159sk\u00fd vlek? Spole\u010dnost SnowTrex dala v\u0161echny tyto ot\u00e1zky dohromady, aby v\u00e1m umo\u017enila nahl\u00e9dnout do historie ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":178,"featured_media":52346,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-481","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dovolena-a-zimni-sporty"],"yoast_head":"\nHistorie ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed - ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed od jeho po\u010d\u00e1tk\u016f a\u017e po sou\u010dasnost<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Kdy se ly\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed stalo rekrea\u010dn\u00edm sportem a kdy byl otev\u0159en prvn\u00ed vlek? 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